Historical Statistics

Current Value of Old Money: Tools and Online Sources
FRASER® The Federal Reserve Archival System for Economic Research
FRED® Federal Reserve Economic Data
Historical Estimates of World Population
Historical Statistics of the United States
Historical Statistics on Banking
Historical Vital Statistics of the United States
Historicalstatistics.org: Portal for Historical Statistics
How Much Is That?
How Much is That Worth Today?
-- Purchasing power of money in the United States from 1774 to 2008  
Selected Historical Decennial Census Population and Housing Counts
The Datazone
-- National data documenting historical labor market trends and historical employment and earnings data at the state level - courtesy of the Economic Policy Institute. 
United States Historical Census Browser
U.S. Federal Election Statistics - 1920 to 2008
-- Official vote counts for federal elections from the official sources compiled by the Clerk of the House. 
What is a dollar worth? (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis)

International and Foreign Statistical Sources

CIA World Factbook
European Union EuroStat
National Bureau of Economic Research
OFFSTATS: Official Statistics on the Web
Penn World Table
The UC Atlas of Global Inequality
UF Libraries Documents Department: International Statistical Sources
UN/ECE - Links to Official Statistics for Europe and N. America
United Nations Statistics Division
U.S. Census International Data Base
World Bank Development Data & Statistics

United States Government

Census Bureau
FedStats
STAT-USA
Statistical Abstract of the United States
UF Libraries Documents Department: United States Statistical Sources

Florida State Government

USDA Economic Research Service State Fact Sheets - Florida
UF Libraries Documents Department: Florida Statistical Sources