Articles   Bookmarks   Books   Cases   Databases

Home   About   Tour   Contents   Help

Essays   Journals   Subjects   Tutors

Search   Libraries   Business School  UF

BusinessLibrary@UF

Golfing for Gold


Quick Links: Marketing Guide | Company Tutor | Industry Tutor | International Business Tutor | More Cases

Market Research

Articles

Company Information

Web Sites

 

Golf BallGolfing for Gold

"...Golfers--and especially avid golfers--are an enticing marketing demographic. According to the National Golf Foundation, the average household income of golfers last year was $68,209, compared with $51,855 for the average U.S. household in 1998, the most recent year Census data is available. Devoted golfers, those who play 25 or more rounds per year, rake in even more of the green, an average of $70,254 per household, despite all that time they spend on the greens. Golfers are now even more appealing to marketers because of the game's growing popularity with younger players and its special appeal to affluent males, which makes it a unique marketing opportunity." [Source: "Tiger Would-Be's." American Demographics 22(8) August 2000, 50+. In Business & Industry.]


The Growth of Golf TopTop

"The vitality of golf is seen in the growth of the number of players over the last 50 years, increasing from about 3.5 million in 1950 to fully 26.4 million in 1998. though this growth has come in waves, the game has grown more than seven-fold in terms of participants since 1950, making it one of the most widely enjoyed leisure pastimes in the United States." [Source: A Strategic Perspective on the Future of Golf: An Executive Summary. Prepared by National Golf Foundation and McKinsey & Company. 1999. Available on the National Golf Foundation Web site.]


Business & Golf TopTop

"Calvin Coolidge, who once remarked that 'the business of America is business,' didn't quite get it right. As any CEO will tell you, the business of America is golf.

"Golf and business have been inextricably linked for more than a century. From the formation of private country clubs in the late 1800s to today's ritualistic sales meetings at Doral, Pebble Beach, or Kiawah Island, executives seem to be as comfortable conducting business against the serene backdrop of a rolling emerald fairway as they are within the controlled confines of the office. After all, they're also working on their swings. The ability to play golf, understand its etiquette, and respect its traditions can boost a career.

"Former U.S. Amateur champion Vinny Giles, who now represents nearly two dozen professional golfers, explains the attraction this way: 'There's a camaraderie that can be developed on the golf course," Giles says. "You spend four hours with a person. You get to know him and see him in a different environment than the boardroom. There is a certain bond in the game, and everyone shares a common purpose and a common enjoyment.'"

[Source: "Golf and Business: A Perfect Couple." Business Week Online. November 2001. See also: Golf & The Business Life. Business Week & Golf Digest. November 18, 2002].


The Leader Board TopTop
Company 1997 Sales 1997 Spending 1998 Spending*
Titleist/Cobra/Footjoy

$713

$19.4

$19.7

Callaway/Odyssey

575

23.0

25.6

Spalding/Etonic/Hogan

338

24.1

13.0

Taylor Made

257

18.1

15.2

Wilson

139

8.2

9.2

Ping

116

8.4

6.7

Northwestern/Pro/Select

101

NA

NA

Nike

100

4.6

12.7

Izod Club

100

NA

NA

Maxfli/Dunlop

88

3.9

4.0

* Jan.-Sept. only All Figures in Millions
Source: Golf Pro Magazine; Competitive Media Reporting. In TableBase.

International Marketing TopTop

"U.S. golf club manufacturers significantly increased their reliance on foreign markets over the past decade. This process accelerated between 1993 and 1998, as dollar exports increased at a 17.8% compound annual rate and unit exports increased 10.0% annually (Table2-4). As a result, exports' share of domestic shipments is estimated to be 18.6% of unit volume and 23.6% of dollar sales during 1998. Japan has traditionally been the largest foreign market for U.S. golf club manufacturers. However, Japan's relative position has declined significantly between 1993 and 1998. On the other hand, U.S. golf club exports to the United Kingdom, Canada, and Germany soared over this period. Shipments to these four markets are estimated to account for 78.2% of total U.S. golf club dollar exports during 1998. Customers in these four markets generally purchased high-priced clubs (Table 2-6)" [Source: SBI Market Profile: Golf Equipment and Accessories. October 1998. In MarketResearch.com Academic.]


The Golf Ball Battle TopTop

"For most of the golf ball's magisterial reign as the single best-selling good in sporting goods, there was nothing much to this sphere but the sphere itself. It had a hard, dimpled face, plastic gunk or rubber bands for innards, and a heart of antifreeze or saltwater. Or no heart at all.

Three out of four golf balls came from Massachusetts, home to ball-making superpowers Spalding, producer of the Top-Flite brand, and Acushnet, maker of Titleists. Spalding ruled the world market. Acushnet presided over the American elite. They skirmished politely, battling back brand competitors like Wilson and Maxfli, and swatting off pipsqueak upstarts. But theirs was a relatively pastoral hegemony. Until now.

"The orb that the world's best golfer places on his tee this weekend at the U.S. Open at Pebble Beach might not rank up there with the asteroid that supposedly did in the dinosaurs. But it's close, if you ask Nike and believe a lot of the hyperventilation in the golf world. For the first time since he officially announced his (partial) defection from Titleist on June 1, Eldrick "Tiger" Woods will formally and officially be playing a Nike Tour Accuracy ball." [Source: "Rolling Clones: Does Your Golf Ball Beep, Tick, Perform Some Special Trick? -- Probably Not, But Tiger is Switching His Brand, and War is in the Air -- Marketing With Moondust." By James P. Sterba. The Wall Street Journal. 6/15/2000 A1. In Dow Jones Interactive.]


Truth in Advertising TopTop

"Tiger Woods endorses Nike Tour Accuracy golf balls in TV and magazine ads, but he really plays with custom-made golf balls unavailable to everyday duffers, Nike acknowledged Tuesday after being sued in federal court in San Francisco." [Source: "Woods' Golf Balls Roll Into Suit." The Washington Post August 24, 2000 p. D2. In Lexis-Nexis.]


Callaway Golf Company TopTop

"Thanks to Big Bertha and its sisters, Callaway Golf has realized big sales and great big sales. Led by a driver named after a WWI cannon, the company's premium-priced golf clubs -- designed using computer technology and aerospace-grade metals -- are popular with amateurs and professionals alike. Its other drivers include Great Big Bertha and Hawk Eye. Callaway Golf also makes fairway woods, irons, putters (Odyssey, Bobby Jones), and Rule 35 balls. The company licenses its name to makers of golf bags and accessories. Callaway Golf's celebrity endorsers have included 1970s shock-rocker Alice Cooper and Microsoft CEO Bill Gates. More than 40% of the company's sales come from outside the US." [Source: Hoover's Online Company Capsule].


Callaway's Competition TopTop

"The market in which the Company does business is highly competitive, and is served by a number of well-established and well-financed companies with recognized brand names, as well as new companies with popular products. With respect to metal woods, the Company's major domestic competitors are Taylor Made, Titleist, Cobra and Ping. In 1998, Orlimar and Adams emerged as new competitors. With respect to irons, the Company's major domestic competitors are Titleist, Cobra, Taylor Made and Ping. For putters, the Company's major domestic competitors are Ping and Titleist. New product introductions and/or price reductions by competitors continue to generate increased market competition. However, the Company believes that it has gained unit and dollar market share for woods in the United States during 1999 as compared to 1998. While the Company believes that its products and its marketing efforts continue to be competitive, there can be no assurance that successful marketing activities by competitors will not negatively impact the Company's future sales." [Source: Callaway Golf Company Form 10-K405. March 30, 2000. From EDGAR.]


How to Analyze a Leisure Products Company TopTop

"An analysis of an individual leisure products firm should begin with an understanding of the general macroeconomic climate. A healthy economy is a key driver of consumer spending. It's during periods of GDP growth and low unemployment that personal income advances. When consumers have more money to spend, discretionary spending on leisure products gets a boost.

Next, company-specific characteristics, both qualitative and quantitative, should be addressed in order to evaluate the firm's strengths and weaknesses compared to its peers.

The leisure products industry is made up of many diverse segments, so an analyst must first determine which segment a particular company belongs to and apply the appropriate analytical tools for its specific operations."

[Source: "Leisure Products." By Maureen C. Carini. Industry Surveys. April 27, 2000. In Standard & Poor's NetAdvantage]


Sporting Goods TopTop

"In 2000, the Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association (SGMA) estimates that sports equipment sales at the wholesale level will be up about 3.6% from the $17.6 billion estimated for 1999. (Note: Variations in industrywide sales numbers between the SGMA and NSGA are due in part to differences in how the sporting goods industry is defined. Also, the SGMA focuses on wholesale dollars, while the NSGA addresses consumer spending.)

As noted earlier, the NSGA has estimated that consumer spending on sporting goods equipment was $19.2 billion in 1999. The biggest categories were golf, $3.7 billion (up 2.0%); exercise equipment, $3.1 billion (+8.0%); team good sales, $2.4 billion (+1.8%); hunting and firearms, $2.3 billion (+5.0%); and camping, $1.2 billion (+3.0%)."

[Source: "Leisure Products." By Maureen C. Carini. Industry Surveys. April 27, 2000. In Standard & Poor's NetAdvantage]


Sample Mediamark Report TopTop

Recreation - Spring 1998
Sports: Participated in Past 12 Months
Golf
Report base: Adults
Copyright 1998, Mediamark Research Inc.

Demographics and Media Habits of Golfers (Excel File)


Advertising in Golf Digest TopTop

Golf Digest is published monthly by the New York Times Magazine Group, 5520 Park Avenue, Trumball CT 06611. Phone 203-373-7000. Fax 203-373-7043.

Publisher's Editorial Profile

GOLF DIGEST is edited for golf enthusiasts at all levels of ability - from beginners to low-handicap players - to help them improve play and enjoy the game more. Each month, it provides in-depth, "how-to" instruction and tips by an unparalled team of teaching professionals and playing editors, including major championship winners Ernie Els, Justin Leonard, Se Ri Pak, Nick Price, Tom Watson, and Tiger Woods. In addition, Golf Digest contains equipment coverage. regular features in the magazine include golf travel, health & fitness, player profiles, and course rankings, such as "America's 100 Greatest Golf Courses," the game's oldes ranking. Rec'd 10/18/99.

Advertising Rates
Effective January 1, 2000. (Issue/Card 54)
Rates verified June 21, 2000.

COLOR RATES

1 time

3 times 6 times 9 times 12 times
4-Color
1 pg $117,530 $114, 590 $111,650 $108,710 $105,780
1/2 pg $71,990 $70,190 $68,390 $66,590 $64,790

[Source: Standard Rate and Data Service. SRDS Consumer Magazine Advertising Source]


Affluent Magazine Readers TopTop

Magazine Total Audiences - Spring 1998
Household Income
$75,000 or More
Report Base: Adults
Copyright 1998, Mediamark Research Inc.

Affluent Magazine Audiences (Excel File)